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- <text id=93TT2021>
- <title>
- July 19, 1993: Chicken Pox Conundrum
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1993
- July 19, 1993 Whose Little Girl Is This?
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- MEDICINE, Page 53
- Chicken Pox Conundrum
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>Should all children be vaccinated? The government weighs the
- risks of preventing a mild disease.
- </p>
- <p> Since chicken pox is just an itchy nuisance for most kids rather
- than a real danger, American health officials have been in no
- great hurry to come up with a vaccine. A shot was developed
- in Japan and has been tested in the U.S. for a decade, amid
- criticism that the effort was not worth the expense. Now, at
- long last, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
- is preparing to decide whether all kids should be protected
- against the pox.
- </p>
- <p> The vaccine would have clear virtues. Despite its less-than-fearsome
- reputation, chicken pox causes up to 100 deaths a year, can
- in rare instances produce birth defects, and is responsible
- for untold millions of dollars in wages lost by parents staying
- home to tend to their sick children.
- </p>
- <p> But vaccination may have risks of its own. The problem lies
- with the nature of the chicken-pox virus. After you get it,
- you always have it in your body. Normally you only suffer from
- chicken pox once, but the virus can flare up again later in
- life, producing shingles, a painful skin rash. The vaccine is
- a weakened form of the virus, and it too may be harbored in
- the body forever. The debilitated virus could conceivably spring
- to life years after the vaccination, and no one knows what damage
- might occur. Another danger is that the vaccine may not confer
- lifelong immunity and will therefore make a person vulnerable
- to chicken pox during adulthood, when the disease can be more
- serious. "It's impossible in the experimental studies preceding
- licensing to study a vaccine's effects for 50 years," says Dr.
- Caroline Hall of the American Academy of Pediatrics. "To the
- best of our knowledge, the varicella vaccine is safe."
- </p>
- <p> Then there is the economic issue. In a 1985 study, the CDC determined
- that the medical costs of treating chicken pox were not great
- enough to warrant spending the money on a national immunization
- program. However, when the indirect costs of missed work and
- school time are factored in, advocates say, the U.S. could save
- five times as much as it would spend on the vaccine.
- </p>
- <p> On the whole, the U.S. medical community seems to favor approving
- the vaccine. Even in healthy children, chicken pox can weaken
- the body so that it is susceptible to more hazardous bacterial
- infections. By warding off chicken pox, the vaccine could prevent
- secondary complications. In addition, 10 years' worth of data
- in the U.S. suggest that the vaccine could reduce the incidence
- of shingles. If the CDC decides that these advantages outweigh
- the possible risks, getting itchy scabs all over the body may
- no longer be a rite of childhood.
- </p>
- <p> By Christine Gorman. Reported by Alice Park/New York
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
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